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What Is a Risk Assessment in Construction?

A simple record of what could go wrong and how you will stop it.

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A risk assessment identifies the hazards in a task, who could be harmed and how, and the controls that reduce the risk. Employers must carry out suitable risk assessments under the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999. Those with five or more employees must record the significant findings.

The five steps

  1. Identify the hazardsWalk the area and look at the task.
  2. Decide who might be harmedWorkers, visitors, the public.
  3. Evaluate the risks and controlsRemove, reduce or protect, in that order.
  4. Record your findingsWrite them down and share them.
  5. Review and updateWhenever the task or site changes.

Risk assessment vs method statement

Risk assessmentMethod statement
AnswersWhat could go wrong?How will we do the job safely?
ContainsHazards, risks, controlsStep-by-step sequence of work
Often calledTogether they are known as RAMSTogether they are known as RAMS

Mistakes in construction risk assessments

A risk assessment only protects people if it reflects the real job.

  • Using a generic template unchanged. Tailor it to the site, task and people.
  • Missing hazards. Walk the area before writing.
  • Weak controls. “Take care” is not a control. Name the equipment, barrier or method.
  • Not sharing it. The team must know what it says.
  • Not reviewing it. Update it when conditions change.

The five steps

Identify the hazards. Decide who might be harmed and how. Evaluate the risks and decide on controls. Record your findings and share them. Review and update the assessment when things change.

Your next steps

  1. Walk the work area.
  2. List hazards and who is at risk.
  3. Choose clear controls.
  4. Brief the team.
  5. Review it regularly.

Useful links

Book your training with Coteca

From the HS&E test to SMSTS and SSSTS, Coteca books CITB courses at centres across the UK and online.

See CITB coursesCall 0208 099 4324

Frequently asked questions

Is a risk assessment a legal requirement?

Yes. Employers must assess risks, and record significant findings if they have five or more employees.

Who writes the risk assessment?

Usually the employer or contractor responsible for the work, often a supervisor or safety adviser.

What is RAMS?

Risk assessment and method statement, usually issued together.

How often should it be reviewed?

Whenever the work or conditions change, or after an incident.

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